Mohammad Jafar Soltani; Baharak Motamedvaziri; Ali Akbar, Noroozi; Hassan Ahmadi; Jamal, Mosaffaei
Abstract
One of the natural and common hazards in recent years is the phenomenon of dust, which causes damage, especially to urban and human environments, and is very difficult to control and manage. One of the main and effective factors in the occurrence of this phenomenon is the geographical location and climatic ...
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One of the natural and common hazards in recent years is the phenomenon of dust, which causes damage, especially to urban and human environments, and is very difficult to control and manage. One of the main and effective factors in the occurrence of this phenomenon is the geographical location and climatic conditions of the regions of origin and the areas affected by this phenomenon. In this research, which has been done in Hindijan City of Khuzestan Province, first, issues and problems have been identified based on library studies, questions from experts, referring to the research area. Then, the Driving force-Pressure-Status-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework was used to analyze the most important factors that have caused the occurrence of dust in the city of Hindijan. The DPSIR framework is an analysis of the "cause-effect" relationship of factors for policy-making and management planning. In this study, the factors related to each of the components of the DPSIR framework were identified and prioritized using a questionnaire of experts with a Likert scale and based on nonparametric Friedman tests. Explain that, to complete the questionnaire of experts, experts from the Departments of Natural Resources, Environment, Regional Water and Agricultural Jihad of Khuzestan Province were surveyed. Results showed that population growth, agricultural development, livestock development, industrial development and climate change are important from maximum to minimum, respectively, the most important drivers affecting the occurrence of dust in the study area. Attention to both reactive and preventive responses has an important role in improving the situation and reducing the adverse effects of dust occurrence in the research area.
Jamal mosaffaie; Majid Ownegh
Abstract
Landslide is one of the natural hazards that makes numerous financial and life damages each year. By landslide hazard zonation, we able to detect susceptible areas to landslide and with applying developed methods and suitable management the abundance of land sliding and the amount of damages will be ...
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Landslide is one of the natural hazards that makes numerous financial and life damages each year. By landslide hazard zonation, we able to detect susceptible areas to landslide and with applying developed methods and suitable management the abundance of land sliding and the amount of damages will be reduced. In this study potential landslide hazard evaluated using multivariate regression model at a part of Alamout watershed in general level (1:50000 scale). So first, landslide distribution map of area prepared using study of air photos and field surveying. After reviewing available resources along with reviewing the benefit of experts, all factors that can affect landslide were extracted and among them eight parameters including (lithology, slope percent, aspect, height, distance to fault, land use, rainfall and earthquake acceleration) were selected as landslide effective factors. AHP and pair comparing technique were used for numerical weighting to qualitative categories of land use, aspect, and lithology parameters. Homogeneous units map prepared using overlaying 8 maps of landslide key factors, and by crossing of homogeneous map and landslide distribution map. Categories of each parameter were detected in each landslide, and with weighting average of them, the effect of each parameter was determined in each landslide. Therefore 84 observations prepared for statistical analysis of landslides. Results showed that 5 parameters including lithology, slope, height, distance to fault and land use have meaningful relation with landslides that determining coefficient between these parameters as independent variables and logarithm of landslides area as dependent variable was 60.7%. Landslide hazard zonation map and landslide distribution map were crossed and efficiency of model was evaluated. The Chi square test was used for comparing of difference between hazard classes of model. Results show that model has higher efficiency in higher classes of hazard. Results show also measured chi square rate is meaningful at 99% of confidence interval, and there is suitable separation among landslide hazard classes.
